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Item A COOPERATIVE RISK MANAGEMENT APPROACH FOR LARGE INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS(Бургаски свободен университет, 2014) SPANG, KONRADLarge Infrastructure projects face many risks due to their complex technical and social conditions. But who is handling a risk is often not the result of an adequate risk distribution, it is more a function of power. And even though systematic risk management should be a basic element of a professional project management, it is not normative in the execution phase and it is unusual in the design phase of these projects. Contractors often take only risks into account, which are obvious or described by the client. They often disregard risks, because it seems to be no “ae” i te bi because of the market situation. Clients rarely have a systematic risk management in their projects and are not focused on a fair risk allocation, they try to allocate as much risks as possible at the contractors side. This paper presents an approach for a cooperative and integral risk management for infrastructure projects, the design and the execution phase included. Recent literature and field study results are considered. This holistic approach includes elements as the clients process responsibility, life cycle orientation, a minimizing concept, risk transparency, a risk list, cooperative risk management, risk controlling and risk reviewsItem A DUAL METHODS APPROACH TO CRUDE PALM OIL PRICE FORECASTING IN MALAYSIA: INSIGHTS FROM ARDL AND LSTM(Бургаски свободен университет, 2024) Mohd Shahrin Bahar; Imbarine Bujang; Abdul Aziz Karia; Nur Zahidah BahrudinUnderstanding the volatile nature of palm oil prices is crucial due to its significant implications for the economy and the market. Due to its complexity, the central issue of the rise in palm oil price determinants and forecasting depends on various market demand and supply forces. However, many scholars fail to conclude that the factor drives palm oil prices. This study examines the factors affecting Malaysian Crude Palm Oil (CPO) pricing dynamics and uses estimated palm oil prices in forecasting. Using data from the Malaysian Palm Oil Board, spanning January 2004 to December 2021. Methodologically, we employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models to evaluate and forecast CPO prices. Our findings revealed that the LSTM model outperformed the ARDL model in forecasting accuracy. Notably, the LSTM model was more effective with a selection of ten independent variables identified through LASSO and SHAP estimation, compared to using either eleven or four variables based on ARDL regression results. The analysis highlights the significant influence of weather conditions and macroeconomic factors, particularly tax rates, on CPO prices. The findings enhance understanding of market dynamics and assist in accurate forecasting of CPO prices.Item A MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT THAT SHOWS THE CRIME RATE IN ISTANBUL(Бургаски свободен университет, 2021) Cubukcu, Ceren; Gurun, MehmetThe aim of this study is to reduce the crime rate in Turkey starting from Istanbul and provide the safety of the citizens with the help of a mobile application. Therefore, this application targeted crime rates. However, this application can also be extended to other cities and other countries. Numbeo’s API will be used in this application. Numbeo is the world’s largest cost of living database. Numbeo is also a crowd-sourced global database of quality of life information including housing indicators, perceived crime rates, and quality of healthcare, among many other statistics. This study distinguishes from other studies by both raising awareness and taking on social responsibility.Item A MODERN VIEW OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT(Бургаски свободен университет, 2024) Георгиева, ДиянаRegional development has quite a lot of definitions. Generally, it refers to a broad category of policies aimed at reducing regional disparities within an economy or across economies by devoting resources to underdeveloped areas. Regional development can be national or international in nature. In aspect of my research interests is the close connection between entrepreneurship and regional development. All the recent trends in regional development can affect development and specialization of entrepreneurship.Item A REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE OF INTERNET OF THINGS ECOSYSTEM(Бургаски свободен университет, 2018) Stoyanov, Stanimir; Stoyanova-Doycheva, Asya; Glushkova, Todorksa; Doychev, Emil; Todorov, JordanSumming up the experience of building Virtual Education Space, this paper presents a reference architecture known as Virtual Physical Space (ViPS). ViPS is being developed as a Cyber-Physical-Social-Space. Our goal is for the reference architecture to be adaptable for a variety of Internet of Things ecosystems in different domains such as smart cities, smart environment and agriculture, and intelligent medicine. This paper presents the first version of ViPS's general reference architecture and its core components.Item ABOUT SOME CONTROVERSIAL QUESTIONS REGARDING THE NON-FINANCIAL INFORMATION IN THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENT (IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY)(Бургаски Свободен Университет, 2017) Nikolova, GerganaThe topic of the study is set in the aspect of: the increasing needs of the users of financial and non-financial information in the Annual Financial Statement; legislative changes for disclosure of the non-financial information in the AFS in force since 1st January 2017; the lack of experience in Bulgaria for disclosure of non-financial information and the search for good practices in other countries where they exist and are developed. The main question which is related to the study is: Is a higher quality of the information in AFS achieved for the users through the disclosure of the non-financial information?Item ACTUAL DISCUSSION AROUND DEATH PENALTY IN JAPAN(Бургаски Свободен Университет, 2016) Ishizuka, ShinichiItem AMBIENT-ORIENTED MODELING OF INTELLIGENT CONTEXT-AWARE SYSTEMS(Бургаски свободен университет, 2018) Glushkova, Todorka; Stoyanov, StanimirThe paper presents an approach for modeling intelligent IoT context-sensitive systems. Ambient-oriented modeling allows for the tracking of processes in the area under consideration, taking into account dynamic environmental changes. The main concepts and characteristics of the approach are considered. Described is the formal System of Contextaware Ambients (CCA) supporting the approach. The application of CCA modeling in a Virtual Physical Space (ViPS) is demonstrated.Item An adaptive KNN algorithm for anomaly intrusion detection(Бургаски свободен университет, 2011) Жечева, Веселина; Николова, ЕвгенияIntrusion detection is the process of monitoring the activity in the target system and analyzing it for intrusive activity. The purpose of the present paper is to create a methodology for the anomaly-based intrusion detection, which is grounded on the kd trees for the description of the system activity and the k-Nearest Neighbor algorithm during the intrusion detection phase, as well as the evaluations of the results.Item AN ALGORITHM FOR ANALYSING MESSAGES IN THE CONTEXT OF ONE-WAY PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION(Бургаски свободен университет, 2023) Проданов, МихаилThe report presents an algorithm by which everybody (not only researchers, scientists or experts) could analyse any messages in the context of different types of one-way persuasive communication. Basic concepts such as “oneway communication”, “informational disorder”, “fact-checking process”, “critical thinking”, “constructivist decoding”, are defined. The main theoretical base for the elaboration of the proposed algorithm are ideas and principals that are developed in the scope of the theories of persuasion.Item AN ETHICAL BRIDGE BUILT ON SHARED VALUES BETWEEN ISLAMIC FINANCE AND ESG(Бургаски свободен университет, 2023) Димов, СаваThe article discusses the shared values between Islamic finance and the concept of environmental, social and corporate governance. The ESG framework underpins flexible, sustainable and responsible investing. In that regard, some contemporary views on reconciling Sharia with sustainable investing are considered. The author utilizes materials from CFA Institute, World Bank Group, PricewaterhouseCoopers, Deloitte & Touche and new research by Islamic scholars to prove their point. Sectors of the Islamic finance industry show more sustainable rates of development. The author has reason to assume that the presumed projections (2030-2050) of Islamic finance will confirm such a tendency. Islamic finance is therefore more adaptive and demonstrates flexible resilience to ESG investing, good environmental, social and governance outcomes.Item ANALYSIS AND ESTABLISHMENT OF THE ROOT CAUSES OF INCIDENTS WHEN WORKING WITH CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE(Бургаски свободен университет, 2023) Долчинков, Радостин; Симионов, РадославThis paper investigates the analysis and determination of the root causes of incidents occurring when dealing with critical infrastructure. Through detailed examination of cause-and-effect factors, including human errors and organizational issues, the paper emphasizes the importance of fully understanding and addressing these causes. Utilizing tools such as the Root Cause Tree®, the paper demonstrates how these incidents can be analyzed down to their most basic causes. For instance, the analysis identified four root causes for a high temperature problem in one incident: the need for improvements in vigilance monitoring, shift planning, choice of a tired worker, and implementation of a "no-sleeping at workplace" policy. The results from this analysis underline the significance of human factors management, specifically in terms of training, procedures, and engineering solutions when dealing with critical infrastructure.Item APPLICATION OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY MODELS ALONG THE BLACK SEA COAST(Бургаски свободен университет, 2023) Georgi HadzhievThe circular economy model seeks to address precisely the two main defects of the linear model. The idea of the circular economy draws its inspiration from the way nature works and, more specifically, individual biosystemsItem APPLICATION OF DELPHI METHOD FOR MANAGEMENT DECISION MAKING IN HEALTH TOURISM(Бургаски свободен университет, 2023) Albena YanakievaThe crisis, as a response of the COVID pandemic, reflects on the healthcare and tourism sectors and contributes to the implementation of adequate methods for making management decisions, as well as urgent innovative approaches to preserve the sustainability of organizations in these spheres of activity. As a response to the increased demands of health tourism users, tourism organizations have had to create mechanisms to adapt to dynamic processes. Using the crisis as an opportunity for development, adaptation and reintegration, the management decisions of these organizations focused on creating a complex product and reorientation in the services offered, including climatic, balneotherapy tourism and medical services of a convalescent nature. Management decisions to expand standard sea tourism with climate and balneotherapy resources and offer them in one complex tourist product (with opportunities to diversify through eco, bicycle, geocaching tourism, etc.) are rescue scenarios for saving the stability of the tourist enterprise. The purpose of the report is to present the possibility of applying the Delphi method as an expert method for making managerial decisions to neutralize the negative consequences of the crisis.Item APPLICATION OF INNOVATIVE NEUROSCIENCE TOOLS TO MITIGATE THE IMPACT OF HUMAN FACTORS IN AVIATION(Бургаски свободен университет, 2024) Караджова, Красимира; Луизов, АтанасInnovative assessment tools based on neuroscience can be powerful tools for developing critical competencies among employees in the aviation industry. This new branch of science leads to a more vibrant understanding of the biological processes involved in learning, the relationship between the cerebral hemispheres and sensory dominance, the impact on cognitive control, the meta-concept of learning ability, personal motivation, and social and emotional learning. Some neuroscience tools can measure individual risk of human error, which directly affects all aspects of human factor, aviation safety levels and risk management.Item APPLYING FACTOR ANALYSIS ON THE FINANCIAL RATIOS OF TURKEY’S TOP 500 INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES(Бургаски свободен университет, 2012) Aysa Ipek ErdoganFactor analysis is a method that is used to reduce several variables into fewer dimensions that are called factors. As a data reduction technique, it condenses the variables into weighted linear combinations of the variables. This study conducts factor analysis on the financial ratios of the top 500 industrial enterprises in Turkey for 2010. The purpose of the study is to group the financial ratios into categories and eliminate redundancy among them. Our results provide partial support for the textbook classification of financial ratios.Item ARCHITECTURE OF AN INTELLIGENT TOURIST GUIDE(Бургаски свободен университет, 2018) Miteva, Mariya; Stoyanova-Doycheva, Asya; Ivanova, VanyaThe article presents a part of the architecture of an intelligent tourist guide. It is intended for users, who are interested in the cultural and historical heritage of Bulgaria. It consists of two intelligent agents and a knowledge base in the form of ontologies that are described in the article.Item AREAS OF COOPERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION(Бургаски свободен университет, 2021) Димов, СаваThe European Union is a dynamic community of sovereign states that share and implement common strategies for the digital transformation of their industries. Germany, as the leader of digitalization in the EU and the author of the concept of Industry 4.0, is the first country to develop its national idea of a growing and innovative digital economy. Taking into account the common digital priorities, the European Union has formed a single concept - a model for digital transformation of the European economy. In this context, based on the main documents with a view to establish a digitalized Europe, the main areas for digital transformation in the European Union are revealed. They are a promising vision for both the digital future of Europe and for mutually beneficial and copious digital cooperation.Item ARNESSING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR SOCIAL INNOVATION: A COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW(Бургаски свободен университет, 2024) Keneilwe Victoria NtuaneThis paper explores the integration of information technology (IT) and artificial intelligence (AI) in driving social innovation. It highlights how IT and AI can collect and analyse data, personalize solutions, enhance efficiency, and improve accessibility and communication. The synergy between these technologies enables proactive measures and tailored interventions in healthcare, education, community development, and environmental sustainability. By leveraging IT and AI, we can develop innovative solutions to complex social challenges, fostering improved quality of life and sustainable development.Item BEYOND THE SOFT LAW- HOW THE LEGISLATOR CAN RULE THE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY?(Бургаски свободен университет, 2023) Renier SteynValues are often linked with nations or regions, and the relationship between values and behaviour is well established. Aim: The aim of the study is to provide a multi-dimensional description of economic values across several countries and to link these values with gross national income, a proxy to wealth. Method: Cross sectional country-level data on five economic values (from the World Values Survey) were related to GNI per capita data (from the World Bank). The relationship of each economic variable with GNI were calculated. Results: Compete data for 65 countries were available. The data revealed certain economic values (e.g., Private ownership being favoured above government ownership of business and industry) are significant predictors of GNI. Other economic values (e.g., Competition as being good or harmful) are not significant predictors of GNI. Discussion: Certain economic values are present in countries where levels of wealth is high. Formal or mainstream support for these values may contribute to wealth creation. Conclusion: Country-level wealth can be explained by differences in the economic values regarded in specific countries. Wealth may increase if these values are endorsed.