ИЗКУСТВЕНИЯТ ИНТЕЛЕКТ КАТО ИКОНОМИЧЕСКИ ФАКТОР: ЕФЕКТИ, ПРЕДИЗВИКАТЕЛСТВА И СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКИ НАСОКИ

Abstract

This paper explores the economic dimensions of artificial intelligence (AI) as a transformative general-purpose technology with far-reaching implications for production functions, labor markets, business models, and international competitiveness. The study aims to construct an analytical framework for understanding the economic impact of AI, including its enabling factors, institutional prerequisites, and socio-political consequences. Using an interdisciplinary methodology grounded in OECD, IMF, and McKinsey data, and theoretical insights from political economy and innovation economics, the analysis identifies key dynamics through which AI influences productivity, capital deepening, labor structures, and income inequality. The research also examines the transformation of business models, the evolution of algorithmic competition, and the regulatory challenges concerning transparency, ethics, and digital sovereignty. The findings emphasize the need for adaptive public policy, coordinated innovation strategies, and socially conscious regulation to reconcile AI efficiency with societal sustainability. The paper concludes with directions for future research on institutional adaptation, regional implementation capacity, and metrics for assessing the long-term effects of AI on economic systems.